Filtering apparatus.



Patented .luly 3|, I900.

w. H. BARR. FILTERING APPARATUS.

2 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

w. H. BARR. FILTEBING APPARATUS.

Patented July 3!, I900.

2 Shank-Sheet 2.,

(No mum UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIEETT' WILLIAM HENRY BARR, orBURYQENGLAND.

rim-same APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 0. 651,592, dated July 31,1900. Application filed January 23, 1900. Serial No. 2,502. (1% model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HENRY BARR, Fellow of the Chemical Society,a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing atBelgrave Place, Bury, in the county of Lancaster, England, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Filtration andPurification of Water, Spirits, Beer, Steam, and other Fluids, (forwhich I have made application for patent in Great Britain, No. 13,128,dated J one 24, 1899,) of which the following is a specification. Mysaid invention relates to an improved apparatus for use in thefiltration of water, beer, spirits, and other fluids.

The accompanying two sheets of drawings clearly illustrate my invention.Figure 1 shows in sectional elevation a filtercasing carrying a numberof filter beds or units. Fig. 2 is a plan thereof with the coverremoved, one-half of the filter-beds being shown in cross-section. Fig.3 is a plan view of the interior arrangement of a small filter. Fig. 4is'a sectional elevation,'on an enlarged scale, of a. filter-bed brokenin length for want of space. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional plan thereof.Fig. 6 shows in sectional elevation a single filtering unit within asuitable casing as adapted for domestic purposes.

Referring in the first place to Figs. 1 to 5, in constructing a filterin accordance with my invention I provide an outer pressureproofcylindrical casing A, of suitable capacity, carried on a base or supportB, but which may be also mounted on wheels or on a carriage forconvenience of transport. The casing A is provided with a removablecover a and also with a receiverb for the filtered water, preferably atthe bottom of the casing. The cover a is secured by meansof hinged bolts0, carried by the annular ring or flange (7. At the bottom of the casingA, I provide a floor e, forming a roof to the receiver 12, and this isperforated to carry a number of perforated metal tubes f, arranged inconcentric circles around a central unit, the number of which would varyaccording to the capacity of the filter-casing and the duty the filteris required to perform. The perforated tubes are screwed to the. floor eof the filter-casing 1A and are expanded in the floor or calked or afluid-tight connection attained by any other suitable means. Theperforated tubes. f serve to support filtering-cylinders and also tocarry off and conduct the filtered water or other liquid to thereceiver. The reader is referred to Fig. 4 for an enlarged detailed 1construction of the filter-bed. The filtering-.

cylinders consist of perforated metallic tubes g,whioh may be ofaluminium, tinned copper, brass, or other suit-able metal.

fand an annular space maintained between the two by means ofdistance-piecesf',secured, top and bottom, to the inner tube f, as shownmore particularly in the enlarged-views, Figs. 4 and 5. The perforatedfiltering-cylinders g are covered with a cloth straining-jacket 72.,preferably of mercerized cotton cambric. The cotton cambric ismercerized according to the well-known process; but the stretching ofthe cloth is omitted, so that the shrinkage which' ensues causes thecloth to become more homogeneous, the interstices being filled up, and

the cloth is thus rendered very suitable as astraining material. Thecloth jacket h is of greater length thant-he tube 9 and is'tucked intothe interior of the same, as shown in Fig. 4. A cap-nut "L, screwed uponthe top of the inner tube h, beds upon the top of the clothcovered tubeg and jams the tube g tightly upon the floor e of the casing A Theturnedin cloth jacket 7;. serves as a'flexible material to provide afluid-tight joint between the capnut i and the cylinder gand as well asat the foot of the cylinder. If desired or requisite, additionalresilient washers may be used at these points to efiect the object;

Instead of a cap-nut 'i, as illustrated, an ordi nary n ut may beemployed and the top screwed end of the tubefbe plugged up. Through asuitable aperture provided in the cover of the casing, closed by ascrewed plugj, I introduce into the casing A a quantity offiltering-earth,

water to be filtered. A pressure-gage? may we The cylinders k, g areplaced upon the inner supporting-tubes r The filtering-earths arepreviously,

be attached to the casing to indicate the water-pressure within.

The inlet 70 for the unfiltered water or other liquid is disposed at thebottom of the casing 5 A, or if arranged at the top the pipe extendsdownward within the casing and is directed to impinge upon the plate e,so that the incoming rush of liquid rises and carries thefiltering-earth particles upon the cloth jacket h of earths into theinterstices of the cloth, and covers it with a smooth even surface offiltering material, the surface and molecular attraction of which arrestand retain all sus- I 5 pended matter, sl-imes, oil particles, or otherfilth contained in suspension in the liquid. The water or other liquidto be filtered, as :shown by the arrows, passes through thefiltering-cylinders into the annular chamber and into the perforatedsupporting-tubes f, which conduct the filtered water to the receiver b,from whence it can be drawn oif through thepipe Z to the'point ofsupply.

- oxidizing or deoxidizing chemical agents orelements-such ashnimalcharcoal, alkaline permanganates, and the likecan be added, if desired,to the filtering-earth media. A coating of filtering-earth of'fromone-thirty-second to one-sixteenth of an inch in thickness depositedupon the straining-cloth suf- 'fices. for an etfective filter-bed, whichcoatingwould require from one to two and onehalfv ounces of media, suchas kieselguhr, for a cylinder thirty inches in length and two inches indiameter.

When the filter-bed becomes thoroughly coated with foul matter andrequires cleansing, liquid will'not pass through, sothat the dirty stateof the filter becomes at once approved apparatus consists in the easewith with which the dirty filtering-cylinders can be removed, cleansed,sterilized, and replaced in the filter-casing. To efiect this, thecover a of the filter-casing A is removed, and by unscrewing thecap-nuts 'i of the inner supporting tubes f'the filtertubes or cylindersg can "be readily withdrawn. The straining cloth It can then be removedand thoroughly cleansed and sterilized bywashing and boiling and bereplaced in position, as before, upon the cylinder g. If desired, thefiltering-cylinders may be cleansed in situ by a reversed current .ofair and filtered water. To effect this, air under pressure may be forcedthrough the pipe Z. The air and the filtered water in the receiver 12'is thus forced into the'interior of the supporting-tubes and throughthefiltering-cylinders, throwing off the dirty filter medium into thefilter-case and out by way of a flush-pipe 012, provided for thispurpose. j To assist the cleansing, I place asheet of perforated metalit above the filtering-cylinders and provide a Water-pipe 0 above thisperforated metal plate. The water the filtering-cylinders g, jams thefiltering parent. ,An important feature of my im- 1 from the pipe 0 isbroken up into a shower by the perforations in the plate and falls uponthe filtering-jackets. It will be understood that the foul filteringmedium is thrown away and replaced by a fresh supply, which isdeposited, as described, upon the strainingcloth jackets.

The number of filtering units employed may vary-according to the volumeof liquid to be filtered. In Fig. 3 I show in plan the internalarrangement of a small filter containing seven units only, which wouldbe particularly suitable for filtering small volumes of liquid.

The improved apparatus is particularly applicable and economical incases where a large number of filtering-cylinders are employed for thedelivery of very large volumes of water. Moreover, by the arrangement ofthe plurality of filtering units, as shown, in one common pressure-proofcasing an immense filtering area can be obtained in com paratively-smallbulk.

The apparatus as described in addition to filtering water for domesticuse is applicable for the filtration of water for a variety of pm: Iposes and is capable of filtering bright and clear condensed water frompapermakers and calico-printers drying-cylinders, and all such water,whether hot orcold, contaminated with oily particles from lubricants. Inaddition to the filtration of water, the apparatus is also applicablefor filtering other liquids or beverages, such as beer and spirits.

In Fig. 6 I show a single filter-bed within a casing A applicable foruse as a domestic filter. The inner drainage-tube f is securedv inposition by means of nuts 19 p, resilient washers being employed, ifnecessary, to pro- ,vide a fluid-tight joint. The outer cylinder 9 isprovided at each end with caps g g, bored for the passage ofthe innertube f, while a cap-nut v binds the outer tube 9 in position. Amodification in the method of securing the straining-cloth it upon thecylinderg is shown no in this figure. The caps g'g" are grooved and thestraining-cloth h secured thereto by means of a cordor elastic. Theinlet-pipe is marked q, and the delivery of the filtered water is by wayof the inner drainage-tube f, as shown :15 by thearrows. The inlet-pipeq and deliverytube f are provided with suitable taps or valves.

I declare that what I claim is--.

porting and drainage tube, an outer perforated cylinder or' tube, aspace being left between the tubes for the free circulation of thefluid, the outer cylinder or tube being provided with astraining-jacket, preferably of 12 5 mercerized and unstretched cottoncambric, upon which is deposited a coating of filtering earth or mediasubstantially as described and illustrated.

2. In a filtering apparatus, a casing, a plux30 1. A filter-bedconsisting of an inner sup- 12o rality of filter-beds thereineachcomprising an inner supporting and draining tube and an outerperforated cylinder with a strainingjacket; upon said cylinder composedof mercerized cotton having a coating of filtering- .earth, and meansfor washing said filter-beds while in position, substantially asdescribed.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand-in presence of twowitnesses.

Wimessesz JOSHUA ENcrWIsIJE, WALTER HAOKI'NG.

WILLIAM HENRY BARR.

